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Production Process
We produce O-rings using one of two processes: injection molding or compression molding. Of the two, injection molding is most popular. This is because, using injection molding, O-ring manufacturers can fabricate high volumes of O-ring products in a relatively short amount of time. Compression molding, on the other hand, is time consuming and can only really be used with low volume requests.

Materials
O-rings may be made with any of a broad range of natural and synthetic elastomers. The choice of which depends on the properties a manufacturer seeks and a material's reaction to that which it seals, such as: sealing pressure, chemical compatibility, temperature and lubrication requirements.

Popular O-ring materials include: rubber materials, silicone, neoprene, nitrile, EPDM, perfluoroelastomer, fluorosilicone, etc. Other options include polyamides, indium, melt processible rubber, Sani flour, clear plastic and various metals.
Since aerospace applications like brake systems and engine turbines require extremely strong and resilient O-rings, theirs are usually made from materials like EPDM, perfluoroelastomer and fluorosilicone. Petro-chemical hydraulic applications, which include oil refining, water treatment and chemical processing, use viton, nitrile, perfluoroelastomer, like because they are highly resistant to fuels and chemicals.

Design and Customization Considerations
During design and customization, manufacturers must map out specifics like: material, material durability, material hardness, cross-section diameter, inner diameter, O-ring seal capacity, O-ring shape and O-ring size. They make these choices based on application specifications like: required sealing pressure, required chemical compatibility, required temperature resistance and lubrication requirements. Depending on where the O-ring will be used, they also choose between metric and nonmetric measurements. While round or donut-shaped O-rings are most common, manufacturers can also fabricate O-rings with custom profiles, including flat, square, rectangle or irregular.